1. calloc(…) allocates a block of memory for an array of elements of a certain size. By default
the block is initialized to 0. The total number of memory allocated will be

(number_of_elements * size).

malloc(…) takes in only a single argument which is the memory required in bytes. malloc(…)

allocated bytes of memory and not blocks of memory like calloc(…).

2. malloc(…) allocates memory blocks and returns a void pointer to the allocated space, or

NULL if there is insufficient memory available.

calloc(…) allocates an array in memory with elements initialized to 0 and returns a pointer to

the allocated space. calloc(…) calls malloc(…) in order to use the C++ _set_new_mode

function to set the new handler mode.